Detailed guide to the Subclass 186 ENS permanent residency visa: the three streams (TRT, Direct Entry, Labour Agreement), eligibility, skills assessment, processing times, and the pathway from 482 to PR.
The Subclass 186 Employer Nomination Scheme (ENS) is a permanent residency visa for skilled workers nominated by an Australian employer. It is the most common pathway from temporary sponsorship to PR and grants full work rights, access to Medicare, and a clear route to citizenship.
| Visa type | Permanent, employer-sponsored |
| Duration | Permanent (indefinite stay) |
| Work rights | Full — any employer once PR is granted |
| Streams | Direct Entry, Temporary Residence Transition (TRT), Labour Agreement |
| Age limit | Under 45 at application (exemptions apply) |
| English | Competent English (IELTS 6.0 each band or equivalent) |
| Pathway to citizenship | Yes, after 4 years lawful residence including 1 year as PR |
| Approx. base cost | ~A$4,770 main applicant (check current fee) |
See 186-eligible sponsoring roles
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Temporary Residence Transition (TRT)
For Subclass 482 holders who have worked for their sponsor for at least 2 years (reduced from 3). The most common 186 pathway and generally the smoothest.
Direct Entry
For skilled workers who have never held a 457 or 482, or who are outside Australia. Requires a positive skills assessment and at least 3 years full-time work experience in the nominated occupation.
Labour Agreement
For workers sponsored under a formal Labour Agreement negotiated between an employer (or industry) and the Australian Government for specific sector shortages.
Employer nominates you
Sponsor lodges a 186 nomination identifying the position and stream.
You lodge the visa application
Typically lodged together with or shortly after the nomination. Provide health, character, identity, English, skills, and experience evidence.
Processing
Current processing times vary: TRT often 4–9 months, Direct Entry can be 8–18 months. Case complexity matters.
PR granted
On grant, you and any included family members become Australian permanent residents with full work and study rights and access to Medicare.
Is the 186 visa permanent?
Yes. It grants Australian permanent residency from day one of grant, with no ongoing conditions tied to the sponsor after visa grant.
Can I leave my sponsor after 186 is granted?
Yes, once PR is granted you are free to work for any employer anywhere in Australia. There is no requirement to stay with the nominating employer.
Does the 186 lead to citizenship?
Yes. You can apply for Australian citizenship after 4 years of lawful residence including at least 1 year as a permanent resident.
What is the age limit for 186?
Usually under 45 at time of application. Exemptions exist for high-earning roles, academics, and medical practitioners in regional areas.
Can I include family on 186?
Yes. Partners and dependent children can be included and receive the same permanent resident status.
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Disclaimer: This information is general guidance only and may change at any time without notice. Immigration law and visa conditions are complex and individual circumstances vary. Always verify current requirements at homeaffairs.gov.au. This content does not constitute legal or migration advice. Consult a registered migration agent (MARA) or immigration lawyer for advice tailored to your situation.
